M1
a^{0}=1
M2
a^{1}=a
M3
a^{p}\cdot a^{q}=a^{p+q}
M4
a^{p}:a^{q}=a^{p-q}
M5
(a^{p})^{q}=a^{p\cdot q}
M6
(a\cdot b)^{p}=a^{p}\cdot b^{p}
M7
a^{-p}=\frac{1}{a^{p}}
M8
a^{\frac{1}{2}}=\sqrt{a}
(a\ge 0)
M9
\eqalign{& a^{\frac{p}{q}}=\root q\of{a^p }\cr& (a \ge 0) \cr}